{"id":9693,"date":"2023-02-25T10:55:45","date_gmt":"2023-02-25T09:55:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.g-rava.it\/product\/xix0047-qui-si-fa-litalia-o-si-muore-calatafimi\/"},"modified":"2026-09-17T10:09:45","modified_gmt":"2026-09-17T08:09:45","slug":"xix0050-calatafimi-ici-on-fait-l-italie-ou-l-on-meurt","status":"publish","type":"product","link":"https:\/\/www.g-rava.it\/fr\/product\/xix0050-calatafimi-ici-on-fait-l-italie-ou-l-on-meurt\/","title":{"rendered":"Calatafimi, \u00ab Ici on fait l’Italie, ou l’on meurt \u00bb (XIX0050)"},"content":{"rendered":"

Calatafimi, 15 mai 1860 : \u00ab Ici on fait l’Italie, ou l’on meurt \u00bb<\/h2>\n

Douze jours apr\u00e8s avoir quitt\u00e9 Quarto avec mille volontaires, Giuseppe Garibaldi livra en Sicile le premier combat de l’exp\u00e9dition des Mille, contre une troupe bourbonienne \u00e9tablie sur les hauteurs dominant Calatafimi. La phrase qu’on lui attribue pendant l’assaut \u2014 Qui si fa l’Italia o si muore<\/em> \u2014 s’adressait \u00e0 Nino Bixio, et elle r\u00e9sume exactement la situation : l’exp\u00e9dition n’avait aucune ligne de retraite.<\/p>\n

Les Mille<\/h2>\n

Les volontaires qui quitt\u00e8rent Quarto dans la nuit du 5 mai 1860 n’\u00e9taient pas des soldats. C’\u00e9taient des \u00e9tudiants, des avocats, des m\u00e9decins, des artisans et des exil\u00e9s, pour la plupart lombards, v\u00e9nitiens et liguriens, avec quelques v\u00e9t\u00e9rans de 1848-49 parmi eux. Ils embarqu\u00e8rent sur deux vapeurs r\u00e9quisitionn\u00e9s, le Piemonte et le Lombardo, arm\u00e9s en majorit\u00e9 de fusils \u00e0 \u00e2me lisse d\u00e9j\u00e0 d\u00e9pass\u00e9s, achet\u00e9s ou r\u00e9cup\u00e9r\u00e9s, et v\u00eatus de ce qu’ils avaient : la chemise rouge, adopt\u00e9e des ann\u00e9es plus t\u00f4t en Am\u00e9rique du Sud, \u00e9tait la seule chose qui ressembl\u00e2t \u00e0 un uniforme.<\/p>\n

La bataille<\/h2>\n

\u00c0 Calatafimi, environ 1 100 garibaldiens, rejoints par les picciotti siciliens, attaqu\u00e8rent quelque deux mille r\u00e9guliers napolitains d\u00e9ploy\u00e9s sur les terrasses au-dessus d’eux. L’assaut fut men\u00e9 en mont\u00e9e, terrasse apr\u00e8s terrasse, largement \u00e0 la ba\u00efonnette faute de munitions. Le commandant bourbonien, persuad\u00e9 d’avoir devant lui des forces bien sup\u00e9rieures et refusant de risquer ses unit\u00e9s, se replia sur Palerme. Ce fut un engagement modeste \u00e0 l’\u00e9chelle europ\u00e9enne et d\u00e9cisif dans une proportion sans commune mesure : la Sicile en conclut que les Bourbons pouvaient \u00eatre battus, et l’\u00eele se souleva.<\/p>\n

De Calatafimi au Royaume<\/h2>\n

Palerme tomba fin mai, Milazzo en juillet, Naples le 7 septembre. En octobre, Garibaldi rencontra Victor-Emmanuel II \u00e0 Teano et lui remit le Midi conquis, avant de se retirer \u00e0 Caprera sans accepter ni titre, ni grade, ni r\u00e9compense. Le Royaume d’Italie fut proclam\u00e9 le 17 mars 1861.<\/p>\n

L’\u0153uvre originale de Giuseppe Rava<\/h2>\n

Giuseppe Rava restitue les garibaldiens tels qu’ils apparaissaient r\u00e9ellement sur ce versant : la chemise rouge port\u00e9e par-dessus des v\u00eatements civils, chapeaux mous et k\u00e9pis sans mod\u00e8le commun, le m\u00e9lange de fusils militaires et d’armes de chasse, les picciotti siciliens \u00e0 leurs c\u00f4t\u00e9s. Les r\u00e9guliers napolitains qui leur font face sont rendus dans l’uniforme r\u00e9glementaire de l’arm\u00e9e bourbonienne, qui \u00e9tait, en mati\u00e8re d’\u00e9quipement, le camp le mieux arm\u00e9.<\/p>\n

Tirage d’art en \u00e9dition limit\u00e9e, sign\u00e9 \u00e0 la main par l’artiste, format SRA3 sur papier fine art. Exp\u00e9dition dans le monde entier.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Gravure militaire du XIXe si\u00e8cle originale de Giuseppe Rava : Calatafimi, 15 mai 1860 \u2014 Garibaldi et les Mille \u00e0 l’assaut des hauteurs bourboniennes, premier combat de l’exp\u00e9dition. \u00c9dition limit\u00e9e, sign\u00e9e \u00e0 la main, format SRA3. Exp\u00e9dition dans le monde entier.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"default","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}}},"product_brand":[],"product_cat":[436],"product_tag":[],"class_list":["post-9693","product","type-product","status-publish","product_cat-xixe-siecle","pa_format-cm-45-32-estampe-fine-art-sra3-fr","pa_format-tavola-originale-tempera-su-cartoncino-gr-300-cm-30x40","desktop-align-left","tablet-align-left","mobile-align-left","first","instock","shipping-taxable","purchasable","product-type-variable"],"yoast_head":"\nCalatafimi 1860 | Tirage d'art du XIXe si\u00e8cle | Giuseppe Rava<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Tirage d'art original : Calatafimi, 15 mai 1860. 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