Les guerriers des plaines appelaient la cavalerie des \u00c9tats-Unis longs couteaux<\/em>, d’apr\u00e8s les sabres que les cavaliers portaient au c\u00f4t\u00e9. Le nom est rest\u00e9, et il appartient aux quatre d\u00e9cennies de guerres indiennes \u00e0 l’ouest du Mississippi : un conflit men\u00e9 non comme des campagnes entre arm\u00e9es, mais comme une accumulation de raids, de poursuites, de marches d’hiver et d’engagements catastrophiques occasionnels.<\/p>\n L’arm\u00e9e d’apr\u00e8s la guerre de S\u00e9cession \u00e9tait r\u00e9duite : environ vingt-cinq mille hommes pour couvrir un territoire plus vaste que l’Europe occidentale. Les r\u00e9giments de cavalerie \u00e9taient dispers\u00e9s dans des postes isol\u00e9s, en sous-effectif, us\u00e9s par la d\u00e9sertion, la maladie et l’ennui bien plus que par le combat. La solde \u00e9tait de treize dollars par mois. Beaucoup \u00e9taient des immigrants r\u00e9cents ; quatre r\u00e9giments \u00e9taient compos\u00e9s de soldats afro-am\u00e9ricains encadr\u00e9s par des officiers blancs, les unit\u00e9s que les tribus des plaines nomm\u00e8rent Buffalo Soldiers.<\/p>\n Le sabre qui donna leur nom aux longs couteaux \u00e9tait largement inutile en campagne et restait souvent au poste. Ce qui comptait, c’\u00e9tait la carabine, le cheval et la capacit\u00e9 de trouver un adversaire qui ne voulait pas \u00eatre trouv\u00e9. La doctrine s’\u00e9tablit sur les campagnes d’hiver \u2014 frapper les villages quand les chevaux \u00e9taient faibles et que les groupes ne pouvaient se disperser \u2014 ce qui fit peser le conflit avant tout sur les non-combattants. C’est le c\u0153ur inconfortable de toute cette histoire, et aucun r\u00e9cit honn\u00eate ne peut l’organiser autour de la gloire.<\/p>\n Les guerres s’achev\u00e8rent non par une bataille d\u00e9cisive mais par la destruction des troupeaux de bisons, l’avanc\u00e9e des chemins de fer et le cantonnement des tribus dans les r\u00e9serves. Wounded Knee, en d\u00e9cembre 1890, est conventionnellement retenu comme point final.<\/p>\n Giuseppe Rava restitue le cavalier de la fronti\u00e8re d’apr\u00e8s l’\u00e9quipement conserv\u00e9 et les photographies d’\u00e9poque : le chapeau de campagne plut\u00f4t que le k\u00e9pi de parade, la vareuse bleue d\u00e9lav\u00e9e par le soleil, la carabine Springfield, la selle McClellan et sa couverture roul\u00e9e. C’est l’allure d’hommes en campagne prolong\u00e9e, non celle d’un terrain de man\u0153uvre.<\/p>\n Tirage d’art en \u00e9dition limit\u00e9e, sign\u00e9 \u00e0 la main par l’artiste, format SRA3 sur papier fine art. Exp\u00e9dition dans le monde entier.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Gravure militaire du XIXe si\u00e8cle originale de Giuseppe Rava : les longs couteaux \u2014 la cavalerie des \u00c9tats-Unis en campagne pendant les guerres indiennes. \u00c9dition limit\u00e9e, sign\u00e9e \u00e0 la main, format SRA3. Exp\u00e9dition dans le monde entier.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"default","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}}},"product_brand":[],"product_cat":[436],"product_tag":[],"class_list":["post-9741","product","type-product","status-publish","product_cat-xixe-siecle","pa_format-cm-45-32-estampe-fine-art-sra3-fr","pa_format-tavola-originale-tempera-su-cartoncino-gr-300-cm-30x40","desktop-align-left","tablet-align-left","mobile-align-left","first","instock","shipping-taxable","purchasable","product-type-variable"],"yoast_head":"\nL’arm\u00e9e de la fronti\u00e8re<\/h2>\n
Comment on s’est r\u00e9ellement battu<\/h2>\n
La fin de la fronti\u00e8re<\/h2>\n
L’\u0153uvre originale de Giuseppe Rava<\/h2>\n